Browse topics

Curriculum

Explore all 1,590 open curriculum concepts.

Advanced filters
ScienceVolcanoes & EarthquakesAges 7–9

Inside a Volcano

Understand the inside of a volcano: magma is hot melted rock underground, lava is the same material after it reaches the surface, and volcanoes have a magma chamber, vent, and crater

Lesson

Set out your lesson

“Magma is molten or partly molten rock below the surface. Material erupted onto the surface is called lava. A simple cross-section can show a storage region, a route upward, and a surface opening. Real volcano plumbing is more complex than one large empty tank and a straight pipe. Safety: No heat, chemicals, gases, pressure, or eruption experiment. This is a classroom diagram, not a forecast. Stop: Stop after explaining the paper route. Do not make a reacting volcano, use heat, seal bottles, or visit volcanic ground.”

Bring to the table

  • Paper
  • Pencil
  • Red or orange pencil if available
Extra for the adult

Worked example. Point just below the ground line in the path. Answer: the material there is magma because it is underground. Point to the flow outside the mountain: it is lava because it has reached the surface. A crater is the opening, not the underground storage region.

Optional challenge. Draw a side vent and explain why lava need not emerge only from the summit crater.

What to notice. Keep the cross-section and route sentence. Note help drawing, reading labels, or identifying the surface boundary.

Continue learning
Share and support
Compare teaching approaches

Teaching approaches

Gakuva’s recommended starting approach is selected. You can still compare every option.

1 approach

Selected Default Gakuva

Magma is molten or partly molten rock below the surface. Material erupted onto the surface is called lava. A simple cross-section can show a storage region, a route upward, and a surface opening. Real volcano plumbing is more complex than one large empty tank and a straight pipe. Safety: No heat, chemicals, gases, pressure, or eruption experiment. This is a classroom diagram, not a forecast. Stop: Stop after explaining the paper route. Do not make a reacting volcano, use heat, seal bottles, or visit volcanic ground.

Materials: Paper; Pencil; Red or orange pencil if available 1. Draw a wide triangle on a horizontal ground line. Extend a rectangle of underground space below it. Label the view Side slice through an illustrative volcano; not to scale. Leave room for words outside the mountain. 2. Draw an oval storage region below ground, a narrow path from it to the top, and a bowl-shaped opening at the summit. Label them Magma storage region (often called chamber), Vent or conduit, and Crater. Add short leader lines so each label reaches its feature. 3. Colour or mark the material below ground Magma. Draw a small tongue of material leaving the summit down one side and label it Lava. Add arrows along one possible upward route. 4. Write a three-part route using the exact feature labels. Then complete: The name changes at __; the material is still __. Add a limit sentence: This drawing does not show all cracks, side vents, crystals, or gases. Done: A labelled cross-section, five material/feature labels, route arrows, and a below/above-ground explanation are complete. Proof: Keep the cross-section and route sentence. Note help drawing, reading labels, or identifying the surface boundary. Stop: Stop after explaining the paper route. Do not make a reacting volcano, use heat, seal bottles, or visit volcanic ground.

Family records and proof options

Keep a record of your learning

Save photos, notes, and attendance. Export a proof packet for compliance or portfolio reviews.

Learning resources

Extra practice links — they do not replace Gakuva’s teaching approach.

National Park Service · Practice link — not the full lesson

Rocks and Minerals

Open practice (new tab)
Before you open · source notes

Rocks and Minerals supports Inside a Volcano. An adult previews and guides; this is a learning page, not a scored quiz.

Free educational page, no sign-in required for the tested path.

Before you open

Ask the learner one fact they learned and one question they still have.

Opening this link does not save learning or assess mastery.

Source, access and review notes

Public National Park Service page. An anonymous GET on 2026-11-12 returned HTTP 200 with no login or payment prompt for this URL. Opening the link does not save practice or assess mastery. An adult should preview and guide the learner.

National Park Service. “Rocks and Minerals.” External page; Gakuva does not copy, host, embed, or redistribute materials.

Unknown — link only

Check understanding

  • Explain that magma is melted rock underground and lava is the same material above ground
  • Label a magma chamber, vent, and crater on a volcano cross-section
  • Describe the path magma takes from underground to the surface during an eruption
“If your child looks at a cross-section diagram of a volcano, can they point to the magma chamber, vent, and crater, and explain the difference between magma underground and lava on the surface?”

Curriculum record

Type
Conceptual
Subject
Science
Domain
Volcanoes & Earthquakes
Age range
Ages 7–9