MathematicsMultiplication & DivisionAges 9–11

Long multiplication

Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using formal written methods including long multiplication; illustrate with area models

Lesson

Set out your lesson

Use formal multiplication. Explain carried units and connect a drawn area model to partial-product rows.

Earlier learning

Use the readiness check below. A listed guide does not establish readiness.

Before teaching

Use this short check, then start teaching.

Givens

R1. Calculate 7 × 6. R2. What value does the digit 4 represent in 40? R3. Calculate 30 × 4. R4. Calculate 347 × 6 with the written method. Show its aligned digits, nonzero carried units, and product.

R1. Response:

R2. Response:

R3. Response:

R4. Aligned written method:

R4. Nonzero carried units:

R4. Product:

Printer, credit, and teaching notes

Credit

Original Gakuva calculation cards and diagrams. Canonical contract: Marble Skill Taxonomy v1, Generative Spark, Inc., commit 96a7933754af672e1bfdbf7ecb05c325860c6e0d. Database: ODbL-1.0. Content: CC-BY-SA-4.0.

No Printer

Read the active card on screen. Copy its blank rows onto plain paper. Use extra space for any drawing. Record adult reading, hints, and transcription separately.

Use the supplied readiness card before Show. Record the actual responses and help. Pause for prerequisite teaching when needed. Use this check before Show. Record the actual response and any help used.

Use paper and a pencil. Work on one problem at a time. Split the set across sessions if useful. Keep private keys separate.

Use the complete materials on screen or print only the current sheet. Keep adult guidance out of learner view.

How this lesson works

An actual four-cell rectangle connects dimensions, cell products, and partial rows. Learners draw their own model on paper.

Next: Show

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Entire curriculum

1858 concepts · 9 subjects

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Teaching approaches

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1 approach

Selected Default Gakuva

Use formal multiplication. Explain carried units and connect a drawn area model to partial-product rows.

Family records and proof options

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Learning resources

Extra practice links — they do not replace Gakuva’s teaching approach.

Illustrative Mathematics · Practice link — not the full lesson

Elmer's Multiplication Error

Open practice(new tab)

Before you open · source notes

Finding Elmer’s error supports long multiplication place-value care. Not every single-digit fact quiz.

Free, no sign-in. A teacher solution is on the same page, so use the student view with your child.

Before you open

Ask the learner to spot the place-value error and rewrite the product correctly.

Opening this link does not save learning or assess mastery.

Source, access and review notes

Public Illustrative Mathematics task page. The .html address responds HTTP 308 to this URL. An anonymous GET of this URL on 2026-11-12 returned HTTP 200 with no login or payment prompt. Where a teacher solution is present, it is on the same page as the student task; this check did not find a separate locked student view. An adult can use the student view section and should not read a solution aloud. Advertising was not observed in the fetched HTML text; that is not a browser, device, or ad-free guarantee. This is a paper or discussion task, not an automatically marked interactive game. Opening the link does not save practice or assess mastery. Diagrams on the page use missing or filename-only alt text, so they are not an accessible image equivalent. Accessibility still depends on an adult describing the picture.

Illustrative Mathematics. “Elmer's Multiplication Error.” Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. External task; Gakuva does not copy, host, embed, or redistribute it.

CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — link only

Check understanding

Calculate 2,347 × 6 using formal written layout
Calculate 34 × 27 using long multiplication
Draw an area model for 45 × 23 and connect to the written method

“Can your child work out something like '2,346 × 7' or '43 × 28' using the formal column method — setting it out carefully and working through all the steps?”

Curriculum record

Type: Procedural
Subject: Mathematics
Domain: Multiplication & Division
Age range: Ages 9–11

Standards

acara-v9:AC9M5N06ccss-math:4.NBT.5the-ontario-curriculum-mathematics-2020:ON-MATH-2020-G5-B2.6uk-nc-2013:Ma5/2.3d