Long multiplication
Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using formal written methods including long multiplication; illustrate with area models
Lesson
Set out your lesson
Use formal multiplication. Explain carried units and connect a drawn area model to partial-product rows.
Earlier learning
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Before teaching
Use this short check, then start teaching.
R1. Calculate 7 × 6. R2. What value does the digit 4 represent in 40? R3. Calculate 30 × 4. R4. Calculate 347 × 6 with the written method. Show its aligned digits, nonzero carried units, and product.
R1. Response:
R2. Response:
R3. Response:
R4. Aligned written method:
R4. Nonzero carried units:
R4. Product:
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Teaching approaches
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1 approach
Use formal multiplication. Explain carried units and connect a drawn area model to partial-product rows.
Use formal multiplication. Explain carried units and connect a drawn area model to partial-product rows.
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Learning resources
Extra practice links — they do not replace Gakuva’s teaching approach.
Illustrative Mathematics · Practice link — not the full lesson
Elmer's Multiplication Error
Before you open · source notes
Finding Elmer’s error supports long multiplication place-value care. Not every single-digit fact quiz.
Free, no sign-in. A teacher solution is on the same page, so use the student view with your child.
Before you openAsk the learner to spot the place-value error and rewrite the product correctly.
Opening this link does not save learning or assess mastery.
Source, access and review notes
Public Illustrative Mathematics task page. The .html address responds HTTP 308 to this URL. An anonymous GET of this URL on 2026-11-12 returned HTTP 200 with no login or payment prompt. Where a teacher solution is present, it is on the same page as the student task; this check did not find a separate locked student view. An adult can use the student view section and should not read a solution aloud. Advertising was not observed in the fetched HTML text; that is not a browser, device, or ad-free guarantee. This is a paper or discussion task, not an automatically marked interactive game. Opening the link does not save practice or assess mastery. Diagrams on the page use missing or filename-only alt text, so they are not an accessible image equivalent. Accessibility still depends on an adult describing the picture.
Illustrative Mathematics. “Elmer's Multiplication Error.” Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. External task; Gakuva does not copy, host, embed, or redistribute it.
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — link only
Check understanding
- Calculate 2,347 × 6 using formal written layout
- Calculate 34 × 27 using long multiplication
- Draw an area model for 45 × 23 and connect to the written method
“Can your child work out something like '2,346 × 7' or '43 × 28' using the formal column method — setting it out carefully and working through all the steps?”
Curriculum record
- Type
- Procedural
- Subject
- Mathematics
- Domain
- Multiplication & Division
- Age range
- Ages 9–11
Standards