These are bounded opportunities, not learner attainment. Partial and blocked source requirements remain so.

• partial: Describe forces as vector quantities with both magnitude and direction, distinguish between balanced forces (zero resultant, no change in motion) and unbalanced forces (non-zero resultant, causes acceleration or deceleration)

  Bounded objective: Combine forces with direction and explain balanced motion. Simple collinear examples only; full vector addition and quantitative acceleration not covered.

• partial: Explains what a vector quantity is and why force is a vector

  Size/direction of force illustrated; full vector geometry not covered.

• partial: Calculates the resultant force when two forces act in the same or opposite directions on an object

  Collinear same/opposite resultants calculated from numeric givens.

• partial: Explains what happens to an object's motion when forces are balanced vs unbalanced

  Zero resultant means unchanged velocity, not always rest.

• partial: Draws free body diagrams showing all forces on a stationary object (e.g. a book on a table)

  Book weight/support free-body drawing requested; check actual arrows.

• partial: If {{name}} was pushing a heavy box along the floor but it wasn't moving, could they explain all the forces acting on it and why it stays still even though you're pushing?

  Try offers new-calculation-and-diagram for the bounded objective; it does not establish every part of the source assessment. Simple collinear examples only; full vector addition and quantitative acceleration not covered.

• Simple collinear examples only; full vector addition and quantitative acceleration not covered.