These are bounded opportunities, not learner attainment. Partial and blocked source requirements remain so.

• partial: Form and use relative clauses beginning with relative pronouns (who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (where, when, why) to add detail, qualify nouns, and create complex sentences

  Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.

• partial: Combine a main clause with a relative clause using 'who' or 'which' to add information about a noun, e.g. 'The dog, which had a red collar, barked loudly'

  Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.

• partial: Choose the correct relative pronoun (who for people, which for things, where for places, when for times) and identify the noun it refers back to

  Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.

• partial: Recognise that a relative clause beginning with 'that' can often replace 'who' or 'which' in defining clauses, e.g. 'The book that I read' vs 'The book which I read'

  Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.

• partial: When {{name}} writes to add detail about a noun — like describing a friend "who loves football" or a place "where we always go on holiday" — do they build that into the same sentence using a relative clause?

  Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.

• Three independent combinations; whom/when/why are introduced but need separate practice.